Search results for "shape parameter"

showing 10 items of 22 documents

Influence of the MgO barrier thickness on the lifetime characteristics of magnetic tunnelling junctions for sensors

2016

Magnetic tunnelling junctions increasingly enter the market for magnetic sensor applications. Thus, technological parameters such as the lifetime characteristics become more and more important. Here, an analysis of the lifetime characteristics of magnetic tunnelling junctions using the Weibull statistical distribution for CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB junctions is presented. The Weibull distribution is governed by two parameters, the characteristic lifetime η of the population and the shape parameter β, which gives information about the presence of an infant mortality. The suitability of the Weibull distribution is demonstrated for the description of dielectric breakdown processes in MgO-based tunnelling…

010302 applied physicseducation.field_of_studyMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsDielectric strengthCondensed matter physicsAnnealing (metallurgy)Population02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesShape parameterSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials0103 physical sciences0210 nano-technologyeducationLow voltageQuantum tunnellingWeibull distributionVoltageJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Finding Prediction Limits for a Future Number of Failures in the Prescribed Time Interval under Parametric Uncertainty

2012

Computing prediction intervals is an important part of the forecasting process intended to indicate the likely uncertainty in point forecasts. Prediction intervals for future order statistics are widely used for reliability problems and other related problems. In this paper, we present an accurate procedure, called ‘within-sample prediction of order statistics', to obtain prediction limits for the number of failures that will be observed in a future inspection of a sample of units, based only on the results of the first in-service inspection of the same sample. The failure-time of such units is modeled with a two-parameter Weibull distribution indexed by scale and shape parameters β and δ, …

Bayesian statisticsFrequentist probabilityMathematical statisticsOrder statisticStatisticsPrediction intervalScale parameterAlgorithmShape parameterMathematicsParametric statistics
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Improved model based on the Weibull distribution to describe the combined effect of pH and temperature on the heat resistance of Bacillus cereus in c…

2003

The effect of pH and temperature on the thermal inactivation of different strains of Bacillus cereus was modeled. Inactivation tests were carried out in carrot broth, following a full factorial design at four levels for temperature (from 90 to 105 degrees C, depending on the strain) and pH (6.2, 5.8, 5.2, and 4.7). Individual inactivation curves were analyzed by applying the Weibull model function (with percent discrepancy close to 20% for most cases), and the effects of pH and temperature on the scale parameter (designated D(beta)) and the shape parameter (beta) were also studied. Temperature and pH did not have a significant effect on the shape parameter (beta). The effect of temperature …

Carrot juiceHot TemperatureBacillus cereusThermodynamicsModels BiologicalMicrobiologyShape parameterBeveragesBacillus cereusWeibull distributionStrain (chemistry)biologybusiness.industryChemistryFactorial experimentHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationDaucus carotaBiotechnologyKineticsCereusFood MicrobiologybusinessScale parameterStatistical DistributionsFood Science
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Weibull Model for Dynamic Pricing in e-Business

2011

As is the case with traditional markets, the sellers on the Internet do not usually know the demand functions of their customers. However, in such a digital environment, a seller can experiment different prices in order to maximize his profits. In this paper, we develop a dynamic pricing model to solve the pricing problem of a Web-store, where seller sets a fixed price and buyer either accepts or doesn’t buy. Frequent price changes occur due to current market conditions. The model is based on the two-parameter Weibull distribution (indexed by scale and shape parameters), which is used as the underlying distribution of a random variable X representing the amount of revenue received in the sp…

Discrete mathematicsOrder (business)Financial economicsFixed priceDynamic pricingEconomicsExpected valueType (model theory)Random variableShape parameterWeibull distribution
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Testing different approaches to characterize Burundian soils by the best procedure

2011

Abstract The Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters (BEST) procedure seems attractive for soil hydraulic characterization but it has received little testing so far. The objective of this investigation was to test BEST with different application approaches for some soils in Burundi, where there is the need of using simple methods to characterize soils. Most (14) of the 19 sampled sites had a clay soil texture whereas texture ranged from silty clay to loam in the other cases. On average, the fitting ability of both the particle size distribution (PSD) model (mean relative error, Me ( E r ) = 2.0%) and the cumulative infiltration model ( Me ( E r ) = 2.3%) was good according to recomme…

Infiltration (hydrology)Pedotransfer functionHydraulic conductivityWater retention curveLoamBEST procedure Burundian soils Soil hydraulic conductivity Soil water retention Soil physical qualitySoil waterSoil ScienceSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliSoil scienceScale parameterShape parameterMathematics
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Threshold Voltage Variability of NROM Memories After Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

2012

Threshold voltage (V-th) behavior of nitride readonly memories (NROMs) was studied after irradiation with photons (gamma-and X-rays), light and heavy ions. Both programmed and nonprogrammed single cells were investigated. The data suggest that two main physical phenomena are contributing to V-th variation and that the V-th loss and the variability can be modeled by a Weibull statistics with a shape parameter k similar to 2.2 regardless of the irradiation species and total dose. The same peculiarities were found in large memory arrays, confirming the results from single-cell studies but with significantly larger statistics. Hence, once the irradiation dose is known, the V-th loss distributio…

Materials sciencePhotonbusiness.industryoxide-nitride-oxide (ONO)radiation hardnessFlash memoriesShape parameterElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsThreshold voltageIonizing radiationNon-volatile memoryFlash memories nitride read-only memories (NROMs) oxide–nitride–oxide (ONO) radiation hardness.nitride read-only memories (NROMs)OptoelectronicsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessRadiation hardeningWeibull distribution
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Glass fibre strength distribution determined by common experimental methods

2002

The tensile strength of brittle fibres is routinely described by the Weibull distribution. The parameters of the distribution can be obtained from tests on single fibres and fibre bundles or from model composite tests. However, there is growing evidence that the distribution parameters obtained by different experimental techniques differ systematically. In order to investigate the possible causes of such discrepancies, single-fibre tension, fibre bundle, and single-fibre fragmentation tests are employed in this study to obtain strength distribution of commercial E-glass fibres. The results reveal parameter dependence on the approach used to extract the distribution parameters from experimen…

Materials scienceTension (physics)glass fibresComposite numberGlass fiberGeneral EngineeringShape parameterMathematics::Algebraic GeometryBrittlenessstatisticsfragmentationUltimate tensile strengthCeramics and CompositesFiber bundleComposite materialstrengthweibull distributionWeibull distributionComposites Science and Technology
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Adaptive independent vector analysis for multi-subject complex-valued fMRI data.

2017

Abstract Background Complex-valued fMRI data can provide additional insights beyond magnitude-only data. However, independent vector analysis (IVA), which has exhibited great potential for group analysis of magnitude-only fMRI data, has rarely been applied to complex-valued fMRI data. The main challenges in this application include the extremely noisy nature and large variability of the source component vector (SCV) distribution. New method To address these challenges, we propose an adaptive fixed-point IVA algorithm for analyzing multiple-subject complex-valued fMRI data. We exploited a multivariate generalized Gaussian distribution (MGGD)- based nonlinear function to match varying SCV dis…

Multivariate statisticscomplex-valued fMRI dataComputer scienceSpeech recognitionRestModels Neurological02 engineering and technologyMotor Activityta3112Shape parameterFingers03 medical and health sciencesMatrix (mathematics)0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHumansComputer SimulationGeneralized normal distributionDefault mode networkta217ta113shape parametersubspace de-noisingBrain MappingLikelihood Functionsbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceBrain020206 networking & telecommunicationsPattern recognitionMagnetic Resonance ImagingNonlinear systemNonlinear Dynamicsindependent vector analysis (IVA)MGGDMultivariate AnalysisAuditory PerceptionnoncircularityArtificial intelligenceNoise (video)businessArtifactspost-IVA phase de-noising030217 neurology & neurosurgerySubspace topologyAlgorithmsJournal of neuroscience methods
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On the reconstruction of discontinuous functions using multiquadric RBF–WENO local interpolation techniques

2020

Abstract We discuss several approaches involving the reconstruction of discontinuous one-dimensional functions using parameter-dependent multiquadric radial basis function (MQ-RBF) local interpolants combined with weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) techniques, both in the computation of the locally optimized shape parameter and in the combination of RBF interpolants. We examine the accuracy of the proposed reconstruction techniques in smooth regions and their ability to avoid Gibbs phenomena close to discontinuities. In this paper, we propose a true MQ-RBF–WENO method that does not revert to the classical polynomial WENO approximation near discontinuities, as opposed to what was pr…

Numerical AnalysisPolynomialLocal multiquadric radial basis function (RBF) interpolationAdaptive parameterGeneral Computer ScienceApplied MathematicsComputationJump discontinuityClassification of discontinuitiesShape parameterTheoretical Computer ScienceApproximation orderGibbs phenomenonMAT/08 - ANALISI NUMERICAsymbols.namesakeWeighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) interpolationModeling and SimulationsymbolsApplied mathematicsRadial basis functionMathematicsInterpolation
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Weibull Prediction Limits for a Future Number of Failures Under Parametric Uncertainty

2012

In this paper, we present an accurate procedure, called “within-sample prediction of order statistics,” to obtain prediction limits for the number of failures that will be observed in a future inspection of a sample of units, based only on the results of the first in-service inspection of the same sample. The failure-time of such units is modeled with a two-parameter Weibull distribution indexed by scale and shape parameters β and δ, respectively. It will be noted that in the literature only the case is considered when the scale parameter β is unknown, but the shape parameter δ is known. As a rule, in practice the Weibull shape parameter δ is not known. Instead it is estimated subjectively …

Order statisticAncillary statisticStatisticsApplied mathematicsInvariant (mathematics)Pivotal quantityScale parameterShape parameterWeibull distributionParametric statisticsMathematics
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